• the internet - a lot of computers requesting and sending resources to each other
• server - a computer that sends info (i.e. an HTML file) to a client computer
• client - a computer that requests info (i.e. an HTML file) from a server computer
• HTML file - the kind of file that web browsers display as a web page
• data center - (aka "cloud/virtual/shared servers") - a big building full of computers
• VPS - a virtual private server owned and operated by a cloud provider such asDigitalOcean
• raspberry pi - a small computer designed to be used as a server (no screen, no keyboard)
• application - (aka "program/app/script/service") - software, a computer process
• operating system - the way a computer runs applications. examples: Linux, Windows, Mac OS
• terminal - (aka "shell/command prompt") text interface to/from kernel (operating system)
• linux - an umbrella term for many free open source operating systems, like Ubuntu
• yunohost - a flavor of linux designed to simplify using a raspberry pi as a server
• VPN - a virtual private network creates an encrypted connection (or "tunnel") between your browsing device and a remote server. it's commonly used to avoid censorship, improve privacy and anonymity, access blocked websites. it's also useful to set up a VPN for your self-hosting server in order to get around having to change the configuration of your home router (read more here)